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Review Article

Human-animal interaction and human health: an integrated review of therapeutic effects, risks, ethical considerations, and the one health perspective
Jung-Whan Chon1†
,
Kun-Ho Seo2†
,
Min-Jung Jung2
,
Kwang-Young Song3*
1Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioscience, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Republic of Korea
2College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for One Health, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
3Department of Pet Industry and Department of Companion Animal Health, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
*Corresponding Author
†These authors contributed equally to this work.
31 March 2026. pp. 31-42
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Abstract

Human–animal interaction (HAI) has gained increasing attention as a potential contributor to human health and well-being in societies facing population aging, social isolation, and growing mental health concerns. In parallel, animal-assisted intervention (AAI) has been applied as a complementary, non-pharmacological approach in diverse clinical and community settings. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the health effects of HAI and AAI, while critically examining their limitations, risks, and ethical implications. Existing literature suggests that HAI and AAI are associated with improvements in mental health outcomes, including reduced depression, anxiety, and stress, as well as enhanced social engagement and rehabilitation participation. Positive effects have been reported among older adults, individuals with cognitive impairment or dementia, pediatric patients, and populations with functional or communication limitations, potentially mediated through stress regulation, emotional bonding, and social facilitation. However, the evidence base remains heterogeneous, with small sample sizes and short-term follow-up, and is accompanied by potential risks such as injuries, zoonotic disease transmission, and animal welfare concerns. From a One Health perspective, sustainable AAI implementation requires balanced consideration of human benefits, risk management, and animal well-being.

Keywords
Animal welfare and ethics
Animal-assisted intervention
Human–animal interaction
Mental health
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Information
  • Publisher :Journal of Humanimal Sciences
  • Publisher(Ko) :한경국립대학교 휴머니멀응용과학연구소
  • Journal Title :Journal of Humanimal Sciences
  • Journal Title(Ko) :휴머니멀과학학술지
  • Volume : 2
  • No :1
  • Pages :31-42
  • Received Date : 2026-01-09
  • Accepted Date : 2026-01-14
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.23341/jhas.2026.2.1.31
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