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Review Article

Trends in eco-friendly pet food processing technologies using insect protein and meat by-products
Chan-Hui Gwak1
,
Hyeong Sang Kim12*
1School of Animal Life Convergence Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Republic of Korea
2Institute of Applied Humanimal Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Republic of Korea
*Corresponding Author
30 September 2025. pp. 125-140
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Abstract

The pet food industry is experiencing rapid growth in response to increasing pet ownership and evolving consumer expectations for quality, functionality, and sustainability. This review explores the application of meat by-products and insect protein—two emerging protein sources—in the development of environmentally friendly and nutritionally balanced pet food. Meat by-products offer high nutritional value and functional potential, yet their utilization has been limited due to safety and consumer perception issues. Meanwhile, insect proteins such as Tenebrio molitor and Hermetia illucens have gained attention for their superior protein content, essential amino acid profiles, and low environmental footprint. This paper outlines recent advancements in protein extraction, thermal processing, extrusion, and formulation strategies that improve the digestibility, palatability, and safety of these ingredients. Moreover, these novel ingredients align with the growing consumer demand for premium, sustainable, and functional pet food, particularly within aging and allergy-sensitive companion animals. Despite regulatory and consumer perception challenges, the integration of insect and by-product proteins demonstrates significant potential to reduce carbon emissions, recycle underutilized resources, and deliver cost-effective yet nutritionally advanced pet food solutions. The integration of smart processing and circular economy approaches highlights the future potential of sustainable pet food technologies. This review aims to provide a multidisciplinary overview and offer strategic directions for future research, policy development, and industrial application of alternative protein-based pet foods.

Keywords
Alternative proteins
Extrusion processing
Insect protein
Meat by-products
Sustainable pet food
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Information
  • Publisher :Journal of Humanimal Sciences
  • Publisher(Ko) :한경국립대학교 휴머니멀응용과학연구소
  • Journal Title :Journal of Humanimal Sciences
  • Journal Title(Ko) :휴머니멀과학학술지
  • Volume : 1
  • No :3
  • Pages :125-140
  • Received Date : 2025-09-14
  • Revised Date : 2025-09-19
  • Accepted Date : 2025-09-19
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.23341/jhas.2025.1.3.125
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