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Research Article

Potential to increase milk yield by feeding dairy cows a total mixed ration (Tmr)
Otgonjargal Ayushjav1
,
Sanjidsuren Oidovjunai1
,
Shinekhuu Jugder1
,
Purevsuren Pagam1
,
Byamba Dondog2
,
Rentsenkhand Jargalsaikhan1
,
Solongo Narantuya1
,
Togtokhbayar Norovsambuu1
1School of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 17029, Mongolia
2Doctoral student and research fellow, Department of Biotechnology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
*Corresponding Author
30 September 2026. pp. 162-169
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effect of feeding dairy cows a total mixed ration (TMR) on milk yield and to evaluate its economic efficiency. Under small-scale farm conditions, locally available hay and green fodder accounted for 64% of the formulated ration by as-fed mass, while the ration was balanced with “Suun Shim” powdered compound feed and a mineral premix. The roughage ingredients were chopped to approximately 2 cm, thoroughly mixed with the remaining ingredients, and offered as a complete TMR. The cows consumed 94.3% of the prepared TMR, whereas feed intake in the control group, which received the farm’s conventional ration, was 88.1%. During peak lactation, milk yield in the TMR group increased from 8.13 to 15.60 L/day, while milk yield in the control group increased from 8.10 to 9.60 L/day. The increase from the beginning to the end of the trial was 7.47 L/day in the TMR group and 1.50 L/day in the control group, a difference of 5.97 L/day between groups. Milk chemical composition was assessed descriptively and was generally within or close to the applicable reference ranges. Based on monthly milk income and feed costs, estimated profit was MNT (Mongolian tugrug) 226,800 per cow in the control group and MNT 547,260 per cow in the TMR group. In conclusion, a locally prepared TMR based on available forage resources may increase raw milk productivity and improve feed-related profitability on small-scale dairy farms in Mongolia.

Keywords
Dairy cow
Feed intake
Milk yield
Total mixed ration
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Information
  • Publisher :Journal of Humanimal Sciences
  • Publisher(Ko) :한경국립대학교 휴머니멀응용과학연구소
  • Journal Title :Journal of Humanimal Sciences
  • Journal Title(Ko) :휴머니멀과학학술지
  • Volume : 2
  • No :3
  • Pages :162-169
  • Received Date : 2026-07-30
  • Revised Date : 2026-09-04
  • Accepted Date : 2026-09-04
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.23341/jhas.2026.2.3.162
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